管理不善 poor management 一個中心、兩個基本點one central task and two basic points
以經濟建設為中心，堅持四項基本原則（1）社會主義道路（2）黨的領導（3）人民民主專政（4）馬列主義
毛澤東思想、堅持改革開放
the central task refers to economic construction and two basic points are the four cardinal
principles - adherence to the socialist road, to Communist Party leadership, to the people's
democratic dictatorship and to Marxism-Leninism and Mao Zedong Thought - and persisting in
reform and opening.
改革是“社會主義制度的自我完善和自我發展”。
Reform is "the self-perfection and self-development of the socialist system."
我們辨別的標準是看這樣做是否有利于發展社會主義的生產力，是否有利于增強社會主義國家的綜合國力，
是否有利于提高人民的生活水平。
The criterion for our judgement is whether the move facilitates the development of socialist
productive forces, whether it helps increase the overall national strength of a socialist
country, and whether it brings about better living standards.
社會主義的最終目標是解放生產力，消滅剝削，消除貧富兩極分化，最終達到共同富裕。
The main goals of socialism are the liberation and development of productive forces, the
elimination of exploitation and polarization between the rich and the poor and the final
achievement of common prosperity.
要人們警惕右和“左”的影響，特別是“左”的根深蒂固的影響。
to warn people of the influence of both the Right and the "Left" deviations, particularly
of the deep-rooted "Left" influence.
中國要警惕右，但更要防“左”。
China needs to be vigilant against the Right deviation, but primarily, it should guard
against the "Left"deviation.
資本主義和社會主義并不是以計劃經濟和市場的多少來劃分的。
Socialism and capitalism are not distinguished by the proportion of planned and market
economy.
隨著改革的深化，國家指令性計劃的范圍將會縮小，而市場調節的范圍將會擴大。
As the reform further develops, the scope for mandatory state plans will be narrowed,
while the scope for market forces will be enlarged.
初步建立社會主義計劃商品經濟新體制。
to establish at a preliminary level a new system of socialist planned commodity economy.
各盡所能，按勞/需分配。
from each according to his ability, to each according to his work/needs.
經濟結構改革。
reform in economic structure
剩余勞動力。
surplus labor
經營機制
operative mechanism
發揮市場的調節作用
to give play to the regulatory role of the market
經濟和法律的杠桿
economic and legal leverages
經濟計劃和市場調節相結合
to combine economic planning with market regulation
計劃經濟和市場調節相結合的機制
a mechanism that combines planned economy and market regulation
取消國家對農產品的統購統銷
to cancel the state's monopoly on the purchase and marketing of agricultural products
改革重點轉移到城市
the focus of reform is shifted to the cities
國家的根本任務是，集中力量進行社會主義現代化建設
The basic task of the nation is to concentrate its efforts on socialist modernization.
逐步實現工業、農業、國防和科學技術的現代化，把我國建設成為富強、民主、文明的社會主義國家。
to modernize the country's industry, agriculture, national defence and science and techn
ology step by step to turn China into a strong and prosperous socialist country with a
high level of culture and democracy.
社會主義經濟制度的基礎是生產資料的社會主義公有制，即全民所有制和勞動群眾集體所有制。
The basis of the socialist economic system is socialist public ownership of the means
of production, namely, ownership by the whole people and collective ownership by the
working people.
國有經濟，即社會主義全民所有制經濟，是國民經濟中的主導力量。
The state economy is the sector of socialist economy under ownership by the whole people;
it is the leading force in the national economy.
國家保障國有經濟的鞏固和發展。
The state ensures the consolidation and growth of the state economy.
農業 farming
林業 forestry
畜牧業 animal husbandry
副業 sideline production
漁業 fishing
第一產業 primary industry
第二產業 secondary industry
第三產業 tertiary industry
生產資料 means of production
生活資料 means of livelihood/subsistence
生產關系 relations of production
生產力 productive forces
公有制 public ownership
私有制 private ownership
全民所有制 ownership by the entire/whole people
社會主義集體所有制 socialist collective ownership
厲行節約，反對浪費 to practice strict economy and combat waste
外資企業 foreign-funded enterprise
合資企業 joint venture
合作企業 cooperative enterprise
獨資企業 wholly foreign owned/funded enterprise
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