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我國農(nong)民因為(wei)(wei)文化(hua)水(shui)平相對較低，科學(xue)施(shi)(shi)肥(fei)的基本(ben)知識(shi)掌握(wo)得很少(shao)(shao)，不了解(jie)自家的土壤情況，也常常為(wei)(wei)“為(wei)(wei)什么要用(yong)(yong)化(hua)肥(fei)？用(yong)(yong)什么樣的化(hua)肥(fei)是好的？怎(zen)么施(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)？”等問題困惑，而在生產實踐中，有的農(nong)民化(hua)肥(fei)沒(mei)少(shao)(shao)用(yong)(yong)，但產量卻不高；或產量較高，收入卻沒(mei)增加多少(shao)(shao)，有的還造成化(hua)肥(fei)的燒種、燒苗，甚至有些農(nong)民恐懼化(hua)肥(fei)的使用(yong)(yong)。要農(nong)民掌握(wo)礦質營養(yang)學(xue)說(shuo)（養(yang)分歸還學(xue)說(shuo)）里的最小養(yang)分律(lv)、報酬遞減律(lv)、因子綜合作(zuo)用(yong)(yong)律(lv)這(zhe)樣的施(shi)(shi)肥(fei)基礎(chu)知識(shi)難度(du)太大，提供測土推(tui)薦(jian)施(shi)(shi)肥(fei)，用(yong)(yong)配(pei)方肥(fei)可以為(wei)(wei)農(nong)民提供簡(jian)單的解(jie)決(jue)方案(an)。

　　在農(nong)(nong)業(ye)產(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)化(hua)建設和(he)優質農(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)中(zhong)，大面積(ji)推行無公害食品(pin)(pin)(pin)、綠色食品(pin)(pin)(pin)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)，對(dui)(dui)(dui)平衡施(shi)肥(fei)(fei)提(ti)出了更高的(de)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)求，施(shi)肥(fei)(fei)的(de)功(gong)能(neng)和(he)目標發生(sheng)了新的(de)變化(hua)；一是要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)保證人(ren)、畜(chu)、環境的(de)安全；二是要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)改善農(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)的(de)品(pin)(pin)(pin)質；三是要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)增加農(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)的(de)數(shu)量(liang)(liang)；四是要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)降低(di)農(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)成本；五(wu)是要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)增強農(nong)(nong)作物的(de)抗逆性；六(liu)是要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)提(ti)高農(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)的(de)市場競爭力(li)。為達(da)到這些(xie)目標，必須采(cai)取相應的(de)施(shi)肥(fei)(fei)對(dui)(dui)(dui)策(ce)和(he)措施(shi)，需(xu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)加強對(dui)(dui)(dui)土壤(rang)營(ying)養(yang)狀況的(de)動(dong)態(tai)監測、掌握土壤(rang)養(yang)分(fen)動(dong)態(tai)變化(hua)情況，根據(ju)農(nong)(nong)作物的(de)需(xu)肥(fei)(fei)特點，確(que)定施(shi)肥(fei)(fei)的(de)品(pin)(pin)(pin)種和(he)數(shu)量(liang)(liang)，重視氮、磷、鉀與(yu)中(zhong)、微量(liang)(liang)元素的(de)平衡，因此(ci)，測土推薦施(shi)肥(fei)(fei)成為農(nong)(nong)業(ye)產(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)化(hua)發展的(de)基礎工作之一。

中(zhong)(zhong)阿(a)公(gong)司從1991年(nian)(nian)開始生(sheng)產(chan)復合肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)，基(ji)本(ben)以(yi)(yi)15-15-15的(de)(de)(de)為主，引導了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)中(zhong)(zhong)國肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)料向(xiang)(xiang)復合化(hua)方向(xiang)(xiang)的(de)(de)(de)發展。在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)2000年(nian)(nian)前(qian)，國內市場復合肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)基(ji)本(ben)上(shang)(shang)是3×15的(de)(de)(de)，在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)近10年(nian)(nian)的(de)(de)(de)復合肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)推(tui)(tui)廣過(guo)(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)中(zhong)(zhong)發現(xian)，3×15的(de)(de)(de)復合肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)不(bu)(bu)同地區、作(zuo)物(wu)上(shang)(shang)存在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)缺陷，容(rong)易造成(cheng)(cheng)單一(yi)養分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)的(de)(de)(de)過(guo)(guo)多投入(ru)或(huo)施(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)不(bu)(bu)足(zu)，造成(cheng)(cheng)浪費(fei)(fei)或(huo)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)效不(bu)(bu)明(ming)(ming)(ming)顯(xian)，這(zhe)(zhe)時客觀上(shang)(shang)要求(qiu)需要根(gen)(gen)據(ju)(ju)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang)(rang)(rang)(rang)(rang)(rang)的(de)(de)(de)實際養分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)狀況(kuang)來使用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)料，即(ji)測(ce)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)配方推(tui)(tui)薦(jian)(jian)施(shi)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)，其過(guo)(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)應該是先進行(xing)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang)(rang)(rang)(rang)(rang)(rang)測(ce)定，再根(gen)(gen)據(ju)(ju)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang)(rang)(rang)(rang)(rang)(rang)情(qing)況(kuang)和(he)(he)(he)生(sheng)長作(zuo)物(wu)確(que)定配方，最(zui)后(hou)根(gen)(gen)據(ju)(ju)目(mu)標產(chan)量確(que)定施(shi)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)數量和(he)(he)(he)方法(fa)。但在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)具體操作(zuo)中(zhong)(zhong)發現(xian)，由于(yu)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)地種植的(de)(de)(de)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)散化(hua)、習慣施(shi)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)的(de)(de)(de)差異(yi)(yi)化(hua)，一(yi)個(ge)狹小的(de)(de)(de)區域(yu)(yu)內土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang)(rang)(rang)(rang)(rang)(rang)養分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)的(de)(de)(de)差異(yi)(yi)明(ming)(ming)(ming)顯(xian)，作(zuo)物(wu)的(de)(de)(de)品(pin)種也繁多，而企(qi)業(ye)是需要規模化(hua)生(sheng)產(chan)的(de)(de)(de)，國家(jia)對肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)料的(de)(de)(de)含量、質量、包裝、標識又有(you)嚴格要求(qiu)，這(zhe)(zhe)決(jue)定了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)大型肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)料企(qi)業(ye)無法(fa)按照測(ce)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)配方推(tui)(tui)薦(jian)(jian)施(shi)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)。為了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)解決(jue)這(zhe)(zhe)個(ge)矛盾，中(zhong)(zhong)阿(a)公(gong)司和(he)(he)(he)中(zhong)(zhong)國農(nong)(nong)業(ye)科學院土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang)(rang)(rang)(rang)(rang)(rang)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)料研究所(suo)合作(zuo)，利用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)國家(jia)第二次土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang)(rang)(rang)(rang)(rang)(rang)普查資料和(he)(he)(he)國家(jia)“六五(wu)、七五(wu)、八五(wu)”化(hua)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)試(shi)驗網的(de)(de)(de)資料，根(gen)(gen)據(ju)(ju)區域(yu)(yu)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang)(rang)(rang)(rang)(rang)(rang)特(te)(te)征和(he)(he)(he)區域(yu)(yu)作(zuo)物(wu)養分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)特(te)(te)征，分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)別推(tui)(tui)出土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang)(rang)(rang)(rang)(rang)(rang)型專(zhuan)(zhuan)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)、作(zuo)物(wu)型專(zhuan)(zhuan)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)，比如北(bei)方土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang)(rang)(rang)(rang)(rang)(rang)專(zhuan)(zhuan)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)16-16-8、18-18-9，鹽(yan)堿地專(zhuan)(zhuan)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)15-25-5，小麥專(zhuan)(zhuan)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)18-16-6，西北(bei)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)豆專(zhuan)(zhuan)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)16-12-12，華北(bei)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)豆專(zhuan)(zhuan)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)12-8-20等等，這(zhe)(zhe)些專(zhuan)(zhuan)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)的(de)(de)(de)推(tui)(tui)出，降低了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)農(nong)(nong)民的(de)(de)(de)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)料投入(ru)成(cheng)(cheng)本(ben)，明(ming)(ming)(ming)顯(xian)地提高了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)效，根(gen)(gen)據(ju)(ju)全(quan)國各地農(nong)(nong)業(ye)技術部門的(de)(de)(de)試(shi)驗，肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)料的(de)(de)(de)表觀利用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)率達到(dao)了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)55%以(yi)(yi)上(shang)(shang)，1999年(nian)(nian)以(yi)(yi)來，專(zhuan)(zhuan)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)的(de)(de)(de)產(chan)量已(yi)達總(zong)產(chan)量的(de)(de)(de)75%左(zuo)右(you)(you)，專(zhuan)(zhuan)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)的(de)(de)(de)推(tui)(tui)出也受到(dao)農(nong)(nong)民的(de)(de)(de)歡迎，但也有(you)極少數農(nong)(nong)民施(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)專(zhuan)(zhuan)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)后(hou)效果不(bu)(bu)明(ming)(ming)(ming)顯(xian)，甚至減(jian)產(chan)，針對農(nong)(nong)民各自的(de)(de)(de)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang)(rang)(rang)(rang)(rang)(rang)情(qing)況(kuang)，2001年(nian)(nian)開始，中(zhong)(zhong)阿(a)公(gong)司首先在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)山東(dong)濰坊(fang)為農(nong)(nong)民進行(xing)免費(fei)(fei)測(ce)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)推(tui)(tui)薦(jian)(jian)施(shi)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)，取得經(jing)驗后(hou)，2004年(nian)(nian)開始在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)全(quan)國計劃設(she)立20個(ge)左(zuo)右(you)(you)農(nong)(nong)化(hua)服務土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang)(rang)(rang)(rang)(rang)(rang)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)析測(ce)試(shi)中(zhong)(zhong)心（已(yi)經(jing)建成(cheng)(cheng)7個(ge)），每年(nian)(nian)計劃測(ce)定20萬(wan)個(ge)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang)(rang)(rang)(rang)(rang)(rang)樣品(pin)，服務20萬(wan)農(nong)(nong)戶。中(zhong)(zhong)阿(a)公(gong)司采(cai)取的(de)(de)(de)配方—測(ce)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)—推(tui)(tui)薦(jian)(jian)施(shi)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)這(zhe)(zhe)一(yi)過(guo)(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)是由于(yu)中(zhong)(zhong)國農(nong)(nong)業(ye)的(de)(de)(de)實際情(qing)況(kuang)和(he)(he)(he)企(qi)業(ye)特(te)(te)征決(jue)定，在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)具體實踐中(zhong)(zhong)經(jing)受了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)考驗。