推進化肥減量增效是實現農業發展方式轉變的重要措施。按照《到2020年化肥使用量零增長行動方案》，農業部制定推進落實方案，細化目標任務，實化技術措施，強化責任落實，有序推進化肥使用量零增長行動。
明確化(hua)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)減(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)量增效(xiao)重點措(cuo)施(shi)。一是調(diao)優結(jie)構減(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)量。調(diao)減(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)高(gao)(gao)緯度、干旱地區和土地貧瘠地區玉(yu)米種(zhong)植(zhi)，改種(zhong)耐(nai)旱耐(nai)瘠薄的(de)雜(za)糧(liang)雜(za)豆和青(qing)貯(zhu)玉(yu)米，改高(gao)(gao)桿大穗品(pin)種(zhong)為(wei)矮桿密(mi)植(zhi)品(pin)種(zhong)。調(diao)整化(hua)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)使用結(jie)構，加快推廣(guang)新(xin)型肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)料。二(er)是精準施(shi)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)減(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)量。深入(ru)推進(jin)測土配方施(shi)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)，推進(jin)農(nong)機農(nong)藝融(rong)合(he)，推廣(guang)水肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)一體(ti)技術(shu)，提高(gao)(gao)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)料和水資(zi)源(yuan)利用效(xiao)率。三是有機肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)替代減(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)量。推進(jin)秸稈養分還田和畜禽糞(fen)便資(zi)源(yuan)化(hua)利用，推廣(guang)種(zhong)植(zhi)綠肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)，在有條件的(de)地區，引導農(nong)民施(shi)用根瘤(liu)菌，促進(jin)豆科(ke)作物固氮肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)田。四(si)是新(xin)型經(jing)營(ying)主體(ti)示范帶動(dong)減(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)量。支持(chi)新(xin)型經(jing)營(ying)主體(ti)開展科(ke)學施(shi)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)和應用有機肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)，開展肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)料統(tong)(tong)配統(tong)(tong)施(shi)等服務，開展耕(geng)地質量建(jian)設，有效(xiao)帶動(dong)科(ke)學施(shi)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)和耕(geng)地質量保護與提升。
突出主(zhu)要作(zuo)物和(he)重點地(di)區(qu)(qu)。綜合考慮用肥(fei)量多的作(zuo)物、區(qu)(qu)域、環節，從2015年開(kai)始，率(lv)先在玉米(mi)、蔬菜、蘋(pin)果等(deng)作(zuo)物上(shang)開(kai)展化肥(fei)減(jian)(jian)量增效試(shi)(shi)(shi)點。一(yi)是東(dong)北(bei)(bei)和(he)黃淮(huai)海地(di)區(qu)(qu)玉米(mi)化肥(fei)減(jian)(jian)量增效試(shi)(shi)(shi)點。選(xuan)擇內蒙古通(tong)(tong)遼市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)科左中(zhong)旗，遼寧鐵嶺市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，吉林白城市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)和(he)長春榆樹市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，黑龍(long)江齊(qi)齊(qi)哈爾(er)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、綏化市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)肇東(dong)、黑河市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)北(bei)(bei)安管(guan)理(li)局、黑龍(long)江農墾(ken)趙光(guang)農場和(he)尖山農場，河北(bei)(bei)石家莊(zhuang)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)趙縣(xian)(xian)(xian)，山東(dong)德州(zhou)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)臨邑縣(xian)(xian)(xian)，安徽阜陽(yang)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)蒙城，河南漯河市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)臨潁縣(xian)(xian)(xian)，進行試(shi)(shi)(shi)點。二是北(bei)(bei)方設施蔬菜集中(zhong)產區(qu)(qu)和(he)南菜北(bei)(bei)運(yun)基地(di)蔬菜化肥(fei)減(jian)(jian)量增效試(shi)(shi)(shi)點。選(xuan)擇河北(bei)(bei)藁城市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、固安縣(xian)(xian)(xian)，遼寧遼中(zhong)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)、朝陽(yang)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)，山東(dong)壽(shou)光(guang)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、臨淄區(qu)(qu)，河南扶溝縣(xian)(xian)(xian)、安陽(yang)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)，廣東(dong)高(gao)要市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、高(gao)州(zhou)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，廣西田(tian)東(dong)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)、田(tian)陽(yang)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)，海南三亞市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、瓊海市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，湖(hu)北(bei)(bei)嘉(jia)魚(yu)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)、云(yun)夢縣(xian)(xian)(xian)，四川彭州(zhou)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、廣安區(qu)(qu)，云(yun)南通(tong)(tong)海縣(xian)(xian)(xian)、元(yuan)謀縣(xian)(xian)(xian)，進行試(shi)(shi)(shi)點。三是黃土高(gao)原(yuan)和(he)渤海灣蘋(pin)果優勢產區(qu)(qu)蘋(pin)果化肥(fei)減(jian)(jian)量增效試(shi)(shi)(shi)點。選(xuan)擇陜(shan)(shan)西洛(luo)川縣(xian)(xian)(xian)、白水縣(xian)(xian)(xian)，山西臨猗縣(xian)(xian)(xian)、芮(rui)城縣(xian)(xian)(xian)，河南靈寶市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、陜(shan)(shan)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)，甘(gan)肅靜寧縣(xian)(xian)(xian)、成禮縣(xian)(xian)(xian)，河北(bei)(bei)易縣(xian)(xian)(xian)、邢臺縣(xian)(xian)(xian)，山東(dong)棲霞市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、招(zhao)遠市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，遼寧普蘭店市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、凌源(yuan)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，開(kai)展試(shi)(shi)(shi)點。
強化責任(ren)推進措施(shi)(shi)落(luo)實(shi)。加強組(zu)織領(ling)導(dao)。各試點(dian)(dian)省(sheng)（區、市）成立由農(nong)業廳（委、局）主(zhu)要負(fu)責同志任(ren)組(zu)長(chang)(chang)的推進落(luo)實(shi)領(ling)導(dao)小組(zu)，推進各項措施(shi)(shi)落(luo)實(shi)。上下(xia)聯動(dong)推進。建(jian)立玉米、蔬(shu)菜、蘋(pin)果三個省(sheng)際化肥(fei)減量增(zeng)效試點(dian)(dian)協(xie)調推進機制，明確牽頭負(fu)責人、首席專(zhuan)家(jia)、各省(sheng)負(fu)責人和農(nong)業部(bu)負(fu)責人，形成上下(xia)聯動(dong)工作(zuo)機制。完善(shan)扶持政(zheng)策(ce)。積極爭(zheng)取(qu)金融(rong)、保險、稅收(shou)等(deng)政(zheng)策(ce)，支持化肥(fei)使用(yong)量零(ling)增(zeng)長(chang)(chang)行動(dong)開展(zhan)。對新(xin)型經營(ying)主(zhu)體、適(shi)度(du)規模經營(ying)施(shi)(shi)用(yong)有機肥(fei)、配方肥(fei)等(deng)予(yu)以補助。強化技(ji)術支撐。農(nong)業部(bu)成立專(zhuan)家(jia)指(zhi)導(dao)組(zu)，各級農(nong)業部(bu)門也要成立相應(ying)的專(zhuan)家(jia)團(tuan)隊，圍繞化肥(fei)使用(yong)量零(ling)增(zeng)長(chang)(chang)行動(dong)開展(zhan)技(ji)術指(zhi)導(dao)服務(wu)。
