一、當前動態
荔枝蒂蛀蟲：中等偏重發生。高州站調查(cha)，落地(di)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)蛀果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)率(lv)19.9%，百果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)蟲量19.3頭(tou)，樹上果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)蛀果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)率(lv)1.2%；東莞(guan)站調查(cha)，落地(di)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)蛀果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)率(lv)10.5%-43.8%，大部分為5齡(ling)幼蟲；從化(hua)站調查(cha)，早中熟品(pin)種落地(di)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)蛀果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)率(lv)29.1%，遲(chi)熟品(pin)種落地(di)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)蛀果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)率(lv)3.7%；增(zeng)城站調查(cha)，落地(di)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)蛀果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)率(lv)4%，百果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)蟲量3頭(tou)。
荔枝霜疫(yi)霉(mei)病(bing)：中等發生(sheng)，較去年(nian)輕(qing)。高州站(zhan)調(diao)查(cha)，白糖(tang)罌(ying)平均病(bing)果率(lv)(lv)2.8%，高的8.3%；從化站(zhan)調(diao)查(cha)，發病(bing)較輕(qing)，樹(shu)上(shang)幼果病(bing)果率(lv)(lv)1.0%以下；深圳(zhen)站(zhan)調(diao)查(cha)，樹(shu)上(shang)果病(bing)果率(lv)(lv)8.0%-20.0%，病(bing)指0.89-4.0；增(zeng)城(cheng)站(zhan)調(diao)查(cha)，樹(shu)上(shang)果病(bing)果率(lv)(lv)2.5%，新梢受害率(lv)(lv)2.0%。
二、發生預測
當前，我(wo)省(sheng)(sheng)荔(li)(li)枝(zhi)早熟(shu)(shu)品(pin)種已陸續進入收獲期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)，粵西(xi)地(di)(di)區(qu)中(zhong)、遲熟(shu)(shu)品(pin)種處(chu)于(yu)(yu)(yu)轉色期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)至(zhi)收獲期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)，粵東和(he)珠(zhu)(zhu)三角地(di)(di)區(qu)中(zhong)、遲熟(shu)(shu)品(pin)種處(chu)于(yu)(yu)(yu)膨大(da)至(zhi)轉色期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)，早、中(zhong)、遲熟(shu)(shu)品(pin)種混栽現象較普遍(bian)，防治(zhi)水平(ping)參差不齊，利(li)于(yu)(yu)(yu)荔(li)(li)枝(zhi)蒂蛀蟲(chong)(chong)、荔(li)(li)枝(zhi)霜(shuang)疫霉病(bing)等病(bing)蟲(chong)(chong)發生(sheng)為(wei)害。據(ju)省(sheng)(sheng)氣候中(zhong)心預計(ji)，5月(yue)全省(sheng)(sheng)平(ping)均氣溫大(da)部偏(pian)(pian)高(gao)(gao)0.5℃-1.5℃，龍舟水雨(yu)量(liang)整體(ti)接(jie)近歷史(shi)同期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)，降(jiang)水時(shi)空分布(bu)不均，階(jie)段性偏(pian)(pian)強(qiang)，強(qiang)降(jiang)水主(zhu)要(yao)集中(zhong)在(zai)粵西(xi)、珠(zhu)(zhu)三角等地(di)(di)區(qu)，5月(yue)份降(jiang)雨(yu)量(liang)粵西(xi)南部偏(pian)(pian)多1-2成(cheng)，其余大(da)部地(di)(di)區(qu)偏(pian)(pian)少1-4成(cheng)，5月(yue)下旬全省(sheng)(sheng)有(you)兩(liang)次主(zhu)要(yao)降(jiang)雨(yu)過程，6月(yue)降(jiang)雨(yu)量(liang)全省(sheng)(sheng)大(da)部偏(pian)(pian)多，6月(yue)可能有(you)一個(ge)熱帶(dai)氣旋影響我(wo)省(sheng)(sheng)，高(gao)(gao)溫高(gao)(gao)濕(shi)、多雨(yu)氣候條件利(li)于(yu)(yu)(yu)荔(li)(li)枝(zhi)病(bing)蟲(chong)(chong)的(de)發生(sheng)為(wei)害。依據(ju)病(bing)蟲(chong)(chong)源基(ji)數、天(tian)氣因素和(he)荔(li)(li)枝(zhi)生(sheng)育(yu)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)等綜合分析，預計(ji)果實成(cheng)熟(shu)(shu)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)荔(li)(li)枝(zhi)病(bing)蟲(chong)(chong)將偏(pian)(pian)重發生(sheng)。其中(zhong)，第五代(dai)荔(li)(li)枝(zhi)蒂蛀蟲(chong)(chong)偏(pian)(pian)重發生(sheng)，粵西(xi)地(di)(di)區(qu)第五代(dai)卵(luan)孵高(gao)(gao)峰期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)為(wei)5月(yue)下旬，粵東和(he)珠(zhu)(zhu)三角地(di)(di)區(qu)第四(si)代(dai)成(cheng)蟲(chong)(chong)高(gao)(gao)峰期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)為(wei)5月(yue)中(zhong)旬后期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)至(zhi)6月(yue)初，第五代(dai)卵(luan)孵高(gao)(gao)峰為(wei)5月(yue)底(di)至(zhi)6月(yue)上旬；荔(li)(li)枝(zhi)霜(shuang)疫霉病(bing)偏(pian)(pian)重發生(sheng)。
三、防治意見
各地要加(jia)強田(tian)間(jian)調查監測，掌握荔(li)(li)枝(zhi)病(bing)(bing)(bing)蟲發生(sheng)動態，及時發布預報(bao)，指導果農開展防(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)工作。一是要抓準防(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)適期(qi)。防(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)荔(li)(li)枝(zhi)蒂蛀(zhu)蟲要抓準成蟲高(gao)峰期(qi)施藥；防(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)荔(li)(li)枝(zhi)霜疫(yi)霉病(bing)(bing)(bing)、荔(li)(li)枝(zhi)炭(tan)疽(ju)病(bing)(bing)(bing)要在發病(bing)(bing)(bing)初期(qi)施藥。二是選(xuan)(xuan)用(yong)(yong)(yong)對(dui)口藥劑。可(ke)選(xuan)(xuan)用(yong)(yong)(yong)滅幼脲或(huo)氟蟲脲加(jia)高(gao)效氯氫菊酯(zhi)防(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)荔(li)(li)枝(zhi)蒂蛀(zhu)蟲；選(xuan)(xuan)用(yong)(yong)(yong)代森錳鋅、春(chun)雷·王銅或(huo)嘧菌(jun)酯(zhi)等防(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)荔(li)(li)枝(zhi)霜疫(yi)霉病(bing)(bing)(bing)；選(xuan)(xuan)用(yong)(yong)(yong)咪鮮胺或(huo)甲基硫菌(jun)靈防(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)荔(li)(li)枝(zhi)炭(tan)疽(ju)病(bing)(bing)(bing)。
