農(nong)(nong)藥作為農(nong)(nong)業生產中廣泛使用的(de)(de)殺蟲劑,在農(nong)(nong)業增(zeng)(zeng)產、農(nong)(nong)民增(zeng)(zeng)收和農(nong)(nong)業新技術的(de)(de)推廣過程中發(fa)揮了它應有的(de)(de)作用。雖(sui)然(ran)有關部門對(dui)農(nong)(nong)藥的(de)(de)生產、包(bao)裝(zhuang)、運輸、農(nong)(nong)藥登記(ji)證(zheng)以(yi)及農(nong)(nong)藥的(de)(de)說明書都有嚴格的(de)(de)規定,但是筆者在多次同山西(xi)省(sheng)沁源縣植保(bao)執法部門的(de)(de)檢(jian)查中發(fa)現,農(nong)(nong)藥經(jing)銷點上許多農(nong)(nong)藥的(de)(de)說明、包(bao)裝(zhuang)與農(nong)(nong)藥登記(ji)證(zheng)不符。主要表現為:
一是毒(du)性等級不符(fu)。有(you)的(de)(de)農(nong)藥(yao)(yao)在農(nong)藥(yao)(yao)登(deng)(deng)記(ji)(ji)證上核準登(deng)(deng)記(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)是中毒(du),外包(bao)裝上卻稱(cheng)低(di)毒(du)。如(ru)四川省川東農(nong)藥(yao)(yao)化(hua)工有(you)限公(gong)司生產的(de)(de)“敵克(ke)松”。再如(ru)河南省新鄉市洪洲農(nong)化(hua)有(you)限公(gong)司生產的(de)(de)農(nong)藥(yao)(yao)“急殺先鋒(feng)”,其(qi)說明(ming)書標(biao)注(zhu)的(de)(de)毒(du)性為(wei)中毒(du),但經查,該農(nong)藥(yao)(yao)在登(deng)(deng)記(ji)(ji)證上登(deng)(deng)記(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)名(ming)稱(cheng)為(wei)“溴蚜霜”,毒(du)性為(wei)高毒(du)。由(you)于無公(gong)害蔬(shu)菜基(ji)地對農(nong)藥(yao)(yao)的(de)(de)施(shi)用有(you)嚴格的(de)(de)限制(zhi),因此這些(xie)中毒(du)、高毒(du)農(nong)藥(yao)(yao)被當成(cheng)是低(di)毒(du)農(nong)藥(yao)(yao)施(shi)用,造成(cheng)農(nong)藥(yao)(yao)殘(can)留(liu)加大,農(nong)民(min)損失(shi)慘重。
二是(shi)隨意擴(kuo)大治(zhi)療范圍(wei)。山東省泰安市寶豐農(nong)藥廠生產(chan)的農(nong)藥“菌毒(du)克”,在其(qi)說明上(shang)標注為(wei)“綠色無(wu)公(gong)害精品殺(sha)菌劑系列”,印有“水(shui)稻(dao)條紋(wen)葉枯病、番(fan)茄(qie)病毒(du)病、辣椒病毒(du)病、瓜(gua)(gua)類病毒(du)病”四(si)個圖譜(pu)。稱“高效低(di)毒(du)無(wu)公(gong)害,對人(ren)畜安全,不(bu)污(wu)染環境”。經查實,該農(nong)藥適用作物為(wei)番(fan)茄(qie),防治(zhi)對象為(wei)番(fan)茄(qie)病毒(du)病,根本不(bu)能防治(zhi)水(shui)稻(dao)、辣椒、瓜(gua)(gua)類等(deng)其(qi)它作物,而且(qie)不(bu)能提供綠色無(wu)公(gong)害證(zheng)書及相關證(zheng)明。
三是(shi)夸大(da)虛假宣傳。有些農藥在說(shuo)明書上(shang)標稱(cheng)“使(shi)用美(mei)國(guo)最新技術”、“全國(guo)農村推(tui)廣中心指定無(wu)公害農藥品”等用語,欺騙(pian)消費者。
為此,筆者建議農藥產地的質檢部門能加大對農藥生產廠家的監督監管,認真核對農藥登記證,嚴禁說明、包裝不規范的產品流入市場,坑害農民。(馬保慶)
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