當(dang)前，華南(nan)早(zao)稻(dao)大(da)部(bu)(bu)處(chu)于移栽至返青分蘗期(qi)(qi)(qi)，其(qi)(qi)中(zhong)海南(nan)南(nan)部(bu)(bu)為灌(guan)漿(jiang)期(qi)(qi)(qi)至黃熟(shu)期(qi)(qi)(qi)，海南(nan)中(zhong)部(bu)(bu)為抽穗(sui)揚花(hua)期(qi)(qi)(qi)至灌(guan)漿(jiang)期(qi)(qi)(qi)；江(jiang)南(nan)早(zao)稻(dao)大(da)部(bu)(bu)處(chu)于三葉(xie)期(qi)(qi)(qi)。受華南(nan)入(ru)(ru)汛偏(pian)早(zao)影響，今年“兩(liang)遷(qian)”害蟲(chong)(chong)遷(qian)入(ru)(ru)早(zao)，其(qi)(qi)中(zhong)稻(dao)飛虱遷(qian)入(ru)(ru)量(liang)明顯高(gao)于常(chang)年，加之(zhi)未(wei)來南(nan)方早(zao)稻(dao)區降水偏(pian)多，有利(li)于“兩(liang)遷(qian)”害蟲(chong)(chong)的(de)遷(qian)入(ru)(ru)繁殖。各地(di)應提高(gao)警惕，及時(shi)(shi)開燈，加強監測，及時(shi)(shi)發布病蟲(chong)(chong)情報，切實做好“兩(liang)遷(qian)”害蟲(chong)(chong)監測預警工(gong)作。
一、遷入情況
據監(jian)測(ce)，今年稻飛虱遷(qian)(qian)(qian)入(ru)期比(bi)常年早，分別于3月(yue)18日(ri)、22日(ri)在(zai)廣(guang)(guang)(guang)西(xi)浦北(bei)監(jian)測(ce)到首個單(dan)燈(deng)單(dan)日(ri)白背飛虱遷(qian)(qian)(qian)入(ru)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)量超100頭、1000頭的遷(qian)(qian)(qian)入(ru)峰，比(bi)常年早5-15天。3月(yue)中旬(xun)以來，稻飛虱陸續(xu)遷(qian)(qian)(qian)入(ru)我國華南(nan)(nan)和(he)西(xi)南(nan)(nan)南(nan)(nan)部(bu)稻區(qu)(qu)，廣(guang)(guang)(guang)西(xi)南(nan)(nan)部(bu)沿海(hai)和(he)云南(nan)(nan)西(xi)南(nan)(nan)部(bu)稻區(qu)(qu)監(jian)測(ce)到明顯遷(qian)(qian)(qian)入(ru)峰，其中3月(yue)18-22日(ri)廣(guang)(guang)(guang)西(xi)浦北(bei)、合浦監(jian)測(ce)到遷(qian)(qian)(qian)入(ru)峰，3月(yue)28日(ri)至4月(yue)15日(ri)廣(guang)(guang)(guang)西(xi)合浦，云南(nan)(nan)景洪、芒市、勐海(hai)、臨滄等(deng)地(di)連續(xu)多日(ri)單(dan)燈(deng)單(dan)日(ri)遷(qian)(qian)(qian)入(ru)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)量超1000頭，最(zui)高(gao)5380多頭，4月(yue)16日(ri)、18日(ri)分別在(zai)廣(guang)(guang)(guang)東雷州、高(gao)州監(jian)測(ce)到單(dan)燈(deng)單(dan)日(ri)1.2萬頭和(he)2萬頭的遷(qian)(qian)(qian)入(ru)高(gao)峰。截至4月(yue)19日(ri)，全(quan)國水稻病蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)監(jian)測(ce)區(qu)(qu)域站(zhan)燈(deng)下(xia)見蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)站(zhan)數83個，遷(qian)(qian)(qian)入(ru)總量較上(shang)年同(tong)期偏(pian)高(gao)近45%，高(gao)于常年同(tong)期，平均單(dan)燈(deng)單(dan)日(ri)誘(you)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)量是上(shang)年同(tong)期的1.2倍(bei)，較常年同(tong)期偏(pian)高(gao)70%～140%。稻縱(zong)卷葉螟從3月(yue)上(shang)旬(xun)開始陸續(xu)遷(qian)(qian)(qian)入(ru)華南(nan)(nan)稻區(qu)(qu)，遷(qian)(qian)(qian)入(ru)期較常年早10-15天，遷(qian)(qian)(qian)入(ru)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)量總體偏(pian)低，沒有(you)明顯遷(qian)(qian)(qian)入(ru)峰，僅廣(guang)(guang)(guang)西(xi)防城在(zai)3月(yue)20日(ri)、4月(yue)5日(ri)和(he)8日(ri)監(jian)測(ce)到單(dan)燈(deng)單(dan)日(ri)超10頭的誘(you)蛾量。
二、田間蟲量
當前，稻(dao)(dao)(dao)飛虱在華南(nan)(nan)(nan)早(zao)(zao)稻(dao)(dao)(dao)區田(tian)間蟲(chong)口密度(du)高(gao)于上(shang)年同期，其中海南(nan)(nan)(nan)南(nan)(nan)(nan)部(bu)和東南(nan)(nan)(nan)部(bu)稻(dao)(dao)(dao)田(tian)以褐飛虱為(wei)主，百(bai)叢(cong)蟲(chong)量(liang)(liang)(liang)達(da)2000～4000頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)；海南(nan)(nan)(nan)北部(bu)、廣東、廣西以白背(bei)飛虱為(wei)主，百(bai)叢(cong)蟲(chong)量(liang)(liang)(liang)一(yi)般10～50頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)，海南(nan)(nan)(nan)定(ding)安、廣東陽春、高(gao)州、廣西合浦、浦北、防城等(deng)地較高(gao)，達(da)100～500頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)。稻(dao)(dao)(dao)縱卷(juan)葉螟在華南(nan)(nan)(nan)大(da)部(bu)早(zao)(zao)稻(dao)(dao)(dao)區田(tian)間蛾量(liang)(liang)(liang)偏低(di)，平均(jun)畝蛾量(liang)(liang)(liang)一(yi)般低(di)于15頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)，海南(nan)(nan)(nan)陵水、廣西防城局部(bu)較高(gao)，分(fen)別為(wei)1137頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)、600頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)。
三、未來(lai)趨勢和工作(zuo)建議
受今年(nian)華南入(ru)汛(xun)偏早(zao)影響，“兩(liang)遷(qian)(qian)”害(hai)(hai)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)遷(qian)(qian)入(ru)期(qi)(qi)早(zao)于(yu)常年(nian)，其(qi)中(zhong)稻(dao)(dao)飛(fei)虱(shi)(shi)遷(qian)(qian)入(ru)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)量明顯高(gao)于(yu)常年(nian)同期(qi)(qi)，為后期(qi)(qi)稻(dao)(dao)飛(fei)虱(shi)(shi)田間蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)量的(de)積(ji)累(lei)提(ti)供了充(chong)足(zu)的(de)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)源基(ji)數。另(ling)據中(zhong)央(yang)氣(qi)象(xiang)臺預測，未來十天，長(chang)江中(zhong)下游及(ji)其(qi)以南地區有大(da)范圍(wei)降水，其(qi)中(zhong)江南南部和(he)中(zhong)東部、華南中(zhong)北部的(de)降水量較(jiao)常年(nian)同期(qi)(qi)偏多(duo)(duo)5成至1倍，局地偏多(duo)(duo)2～3倍，氣(qi)溫接近(jin)常年(nian)或略偏高(gao)，溫濕條(tiao)件(jian)利于(yu)“兩(liang)遷(qian)(qian)”害(hai)(hai)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)的(de)遷(qian)(qian)入(ru)和(he)繁殖。各地要嚴格執行“兩(liang)遷(qian)(qian)”害(hai)(hai)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)測報調查技術規范，認(ren)真做好(hao)系(xi)統(tong)調查和(he)田間普查工作，準(zhun)確掌握(wo)“兩(liang)遷(qian)(qian)”害(hai)(hai)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)發生動(dong)態，及(ji)時準(zhun)確發布(bu)病蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)情報，牢牢把握(wo)防控(kong)工作主(zhu)動(dong)權(quan)。
