一、病蟲發生情況
1、玉米病蟲
灰飛虱:呈上(shang)升趨勢,發(fa)(fa)(fa)生(sheng)面(mian)積已達1200萬(wan)(wan)畝(mu)(mu),發(fa)(fa)(fa)生(sheng)程度2-3級。淄博市(shi)發(fa)(fa)(fa)生(sheng)面(mian)積約110萬(wan)(wan)畝(mu)(mu),防治84萬(wan)(wan)畝(mu)(mu),一(yi)(yi)般(ban)單(dan)株(zhu)有蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)0.5-1頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou),其中春(chun)玉(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)一(yi)(yi)般(ban)單(dan)株(zhu)有蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)10-20頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou),高(gao)的單(dan)株(zhu)20頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)以(yi)(yi)上(shang),夏(xia)套(tao)(tao)種(zhong)玉(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)單(dan)株(zhu)有蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)1頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)左右,夏(xia)直(zhi)播(bo)玉(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)單(dan)株(zhu)有蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)0.5頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)左右,高(gao)的2頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)。濰(wei)坊市(shi)夏(xia)套(tao)(tao)玉(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)田(tian)(tian)30頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)/m2,最(zui)(zui)高(gao)80頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)/m2,夏(xia)直(zhi)播(bo)玉(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)田(tian)(tian)34頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)/m2,最(zui)(zui)高(gao)300頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)/m2,田(tian)(tian)間(jian)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)口密度明顯(xian)高(gao)于(yu)去年(nian);泰安(an)市(shi)春(chun)玉(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)田(tian)(tian)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)株(zhu)率平(ping)(ping)均(jun)(jun)(jun)15%,百(bai)(bai)(bai)株(zhu)有蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)25-30頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou),夏(xia)玉(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)百(bai)(bai)(bai)株(zhu)3-5頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou);日照(zhao)市(shi)發(fa)(fa)(fa)生(sheng)41.5萬(wan)(wan)畝(mu)(mu),平(ping)(ping)均(jun)(jun)(jun)百(bai)(bai)(bai)株(zhu)有蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)750頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou),最(zui)(zui)高(gao)1800頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou);聊(liao)城市(shi)蒜(suan)套(tao)(tao)玉(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)田(tian)(tian)平(ping)(ping)均(jun)(jun)(jun)30頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)/m2,最(zui)(zui)高(gao)為90頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)/m2,麥(mai)套(tao)(tao)玉(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)一(yi)(yi)般(ban)9頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)/m2,地(di)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)雜草一(yi)(yi)般(ban)20頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)/m2,最(zui)(zui)高(gao)171頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)/m2;濟寧市(shi)早茬玉(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)及麥(mai)田(tian)(tian)套(tao)(tao)種(zhong)玉(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)共發(fa)(fa)(fa)生(sheng)160萬(wan)(wan)畝(mu)(mu),早茬玉(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)田(tian)(tian)平(ping)(ping)均(jun)(jun)(jun)百(bai)(bai)(bai)株(zhu)有蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)50頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou),重(zhong)的123頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou),麥(mai)田(tian)(tian)套(tao)(tao)種(zhong)玉(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)平(ping)(ping)均(jun)(jun)(jun)百(bai)(bai)(bai)株(zhu)有蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)15頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou),夏(xia)直(zhi)播(bo)玉(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)平(ping)(ping)均(jun)(jun)(jun)百(bai)(bai)(bai)株(zhu)幼蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)1.7頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou);菏澤市(shi)上(shang)升較快,套(tao)(tao)種(zhong)玉(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)50頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)/m2左右,春(chun)玉(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)田(tian)(tian)較高(gao)達80頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)/m2以(yi)(yi)上(shang);德州市(shi)輕微發(fa)(fa)(fa)生(sheng),面(mian)積172.7萬(wan)(wan)畝(mu)(mu),春(chun)玉(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)田(tian)(tian)平(ping)(ping)均(jun)(jun)(jun)23.6頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)/m2,麥(mai)茬田(tian)(tian)0.4-3頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)/m2,全市(shi)已防治52.7萬(wan)(wan)畝(mu)(mu),防治效果85%。
玉米(mi)(mi)薊馬:發(fa)生程度(du)3級,面積400萬畝(mu)。濟(ji)寧(ning)市(shi)蟲(chong)量上(shang)升較快,早套(tao)玉米(mi)(mi)田平均百株(zhu)(zhu)有(you)(you)蟲(chong)926頭(tou)(tou)(tou),最多1232頭(tou)(tou)(tou),平均被(bei)害(hai)(hai)株(zhu)(zhu)率13%,最高(gao)50%,部分地塊已(yi)經出現了擰筋(jin)、爛心(xin)等明顯的被(bei)害(hai)(hai)狀;菏(he)澤(ze)市(shi)套(tao)種玉米(mi)(mi)被(bei)害(hai)(hai)株(zhu)(zhu)率38.5%,個別高(gao)達60%以上(shang),直播玉米(mi)(mi)田較輕,被(bei)害(hai)(hai)株(zhu)(zhu)率12.4%;淄博市(shi)單(dan)株(zhu)(zhu)有(you)(you)蟲(chong)5頭(tou)(tou)(tou)左右,高(gao)的達8頭(tou)(tou)(tou),與(yu)同(tong)期相(xiang)比偏輕發(fa)生;泰(tai)安(an)市(shi)夏(xia)玉米(mi)(mi)平均被(bei)害(hai)(hai)株(zhu)(zhu)率30%,單(dan)株(zhu)(zhu)有(you)(you)蟲(chong)10-20頭(tou)(tou)(tou);日照市(shi)一(yi)般單(dan)株(zhu)(zhu)有(you)(you)蟲(chong)10-20頭(tou)(tou)(tou),最高(gao)42頭(tou)(tou)(tou);青島市(shi)百株(zhu)(zhu)有(you)(you)蟲(chong)1200-2500頭(tou)(tou)(tou);威海市(shi)玉米(mi)(mi)薊馬單(dan)株(zhu)(zhu)有(you)(you)蟲(chong)6.1頭(tou)(tou)(tou),由于春玉米(mi)(mi)已(yi)過苗期,對(dui)春玉米(mi)(mi)為害(hai)(hai)不大。
玉(yu)米(mi)螟:較上(shang)周有(you)所上(shang)升,發(fa)生(sheng)程(cheng)度(du)2-3級(ji)。威海(hai)市(shi)(shi)百株(zhu)累計落卵(luan)2塊(kuai),蟲株(zhu)率0.5%;日照市(shi)(shi)一般百株(zhu)有(you)卵(luan)8-12塊(kuai),蟲株(zhu)率4-10%,最多百株(zhu)有(you)卵(luan)122塊(kuai),蟲株(zhu)率10%;青島市(shi)(shi)蔬菜茬(cha)玉(yu)米(mi)和(he)在甜玉(yu)米(mi)發(fa)生(sheng)較重,被(bei)害(hai)株(zhu)率1.5%,最高(gao)8%,其它品種被(bei)害(hai)率0.4%;濟寧市(shi)(shi)春玉(yu)米(mi)田及早播夏玉(yu)米(mi)田已普(pu)遍(bian)防治(zhi)1-2遍(bian),一般危害(hai)株(zhu)率18-26.5%,高(gao)的30%,較常年偏少;菏澤市(shi)(shi)普(pu)遍(bian)發(fa)生(sheng),平均(jun)被(bei)害(hai)株(zhu)率62%,百株(zhu)幼(you)蟲32頭,目(mu)前為幼(you)蟲4齡發(fa)生(sheng)盛期,二代(dai)卵(luan)定點調(diao)查百株(zhu)累計32塊(kuai);德州市(shi)(shi)春玉(yu)米(mi)已全部達防治(zhi)指標,平均(jun)被(bei)害(hai)株(zhu)率32.6%,最高(gao)60%。
2、棉花病蟲
二代棉鈴蟲(chong):蟲(chong)量(liang)上升較(jiao)快,已發生1000萬畝,程度4級。濰坊(fang)市6月7日(ri)(ri)始(shi)見(jian)(jian)當代成蟲(chong),較(jiao)常年偏(pian)早(zao)2天,截(jie)(jie)止6月23日(ri)(ri)累(lei)計(ji)(ji)(ji)誘蛾22頭,6月12日(ri)(ri)見(jian)(jian)卵(luan),6月23日(ri)(ri)普查(cha),大(da)(da)(da)田(tian)平(ping)均(jun)(jun)百(bai)株(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)卵(luan)量(liang)155粒(li)(li),接近(jin)常年;聊城市截(jie)(jie)至6月15日(ri)(ri),平(ping)均(jun)(jun)百(bai)株(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)累(lei)計(ji)(ji)(ji)卵(luan)量(liang)75粒(li)(li),無幼蟲(chong);菏澤市6月4日(ri)(ri)始(shi)見(jian)(jian)卵(luan)。截(jie)(jie)止于(yu)22日(ri)(ri)定點調查(cha),平(ping)均(jun)(jun)百(bai)株(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)累(lei)計(ji)(ji)(ji)卵(luan)量(liang)303粒(li)(li),20-22日(ri)(ri)大(da)(da)(da)田(tian)普查(cha),百(bai)株(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)卵(luan)量(liang)18-93粒(li)(li),平(ping)均(jun)(jun)55.8粒(li)(li),最(zui)高(gao)(gao)170粒(li)(li)(春棉田(tian)),幼蟲(chong)平(ping)均(jun)(jun)百(bai)株(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)0.3頭,最(zui)高(gao)(gao)2.2頭,略高(gao)(gao)于(yu)去年同(tong)期;德(de)州市平(ping)均(jun)(jun)累(lei)計(ji)(ji)(ji)卵(luan)量(liang)306粒(li)(li),最(zui)高(gao)(gao)534粒(li)(li),大(da)(da)(da)田(tian)普查(cha)百(bai)株(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)卵(luan)量(liang)120粒(li)(li),最(zui)高(gao)(gao)204粒(li)(li),比去年偏(pian)早(zao),累(lei)計(ji)(ji)(ji)卵(luan)量(liang)比去年同(tong)期偏(pian)多(duo);淄博市6月16日(ri)(ri)見(jian)(jian)卵(luan),截(jie)(jie)止到6月22日(ri)(ri)百(bai)株(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)累(lei)計(ji)(ji)(ji)落卵(luan)23粒(li)(li),較(jiao)去年偏(pian)輕發生。東營(ying)市6月22日(ri)(ri)大(da)(da)(da)田(tian)普查(cha),百(bai)株(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)卵(luan)量(liang)48粒(li)(li),平(ping)均(jun)(jun)百(bai)株(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)累(lei)積卵(luan)量(liang)314粒(li)(li), 平(ping)均(jun)(jun)百(bai)株(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)1-2齡幼蟲(chong)為(wei)3.6頭。
棉紅蜘蛛(zhu):與上(shang)周(zhou)持平(ping),程度(du)2-3級,面積300萬(wan)畝。濟寧市(shi)一般(ban)單(dan)株(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)50-80頭,重地(di)(di)塊(kuai)單(dan)株(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)120頭以(yi)上(shang);菏澤市(shi)上(shang)升較(jiao)快,蟲(chong)株(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)率(lv)20-60%,防治地(di)(di)塊(kuai)蟲(chong)量較(jiao)低,單(dan)株(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)蟲(chong)量10頭以(yi)下,未防治地(di)(di)塊(kuai)密度(du)較(jiao)高(gao),單(dan)株(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)蟲(chong)量40-80頭;濰坊市(shi)普(pu)查(cha)單(dan)株(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)蟲(chong)量12頭;聊城市(shi)一般(ban)黃白斑株(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)率(lv)5-15%,大(da)田發生較(jiao)輕(qing)。
棉 盲 蝽(chun):發生程(cheng)度1-2級,面積(ji)400萬(wan)畝(mu)。濰坊市(shi)大(da)田普查,平(ping)均破(po)(po)葉(xie)株(zhu)(zhu)率(lv)(lv)(lv)7.7%;聊城市(shi)一(yi)般(ban)花葉(xie)率(lv)(lv)(lv)5-8%,重的15%;濟寧市(shi)普查,蟲(chong)田率(lv)(lv)(lv)80%,一(yi)般(ban)被(bei)害株(zhu)(zhu)率(lv)(lv)(lv)12-18.6%,蒜套(tao)棉危害較(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)重,被(bei)害株(zhu)(zhu)率(lv)(lv)(lv)達25-30%;菏(he)澤市(shi)蟲(chong)株(zhu)(zhu)率(lv)(lv)(lv)15%左右,百株(zhu)(zhu)蟲(chong)量8-20頭(tou);東(dong)營市(shi)6月(yue)15日大(da)田普查,平(ping)均百株(zhu)(zhu)有(you)(you)蟲(chong)8頭(tou),林樹地(di)(di)段附近棉田發生較(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)重,最高(gao)點百株(zhu)(zhu)有(you)(you)蟲(chong)42頭(tou),平(ping)均破(po)(po)葉(xie)株(zhu)(zhu)率(lv)(lv)(lv)16.4%,較(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)上年偏低,較(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)常持(chi)平(ping),最高(gao)地(di)(di)塊破(po)(po)葉(xie)率(lv)(lv)(lv)達32.4%;德州(zhou)市(shi)普遍(bian)發生,在臨樹靠渠溝或者雜(za)草多的地(di)(di)塊較(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)為嚴重,平(ping)均被(bei)害株(zhu)(zhu)12%,最高(gao)30%,目前已防治40萬(wan)畝(mu)。
棉 蚜(ya)(ya)(ya):較(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)上(shang)(shang)周有所(suo)下降,程度1級(ji),面積600萬畝。濰坊市大田普查,平(ping)均(jun)(jun)百(bai)(bai)株(zhu)蚜(ya)(ya)(ya)量(liang)(liang)270頭(tou),較(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)上(shang)(shang)年(nian)同(tong)期(qi)偏(pian)少,定點調查,平(ping)均(jun)(jun)百(bai)(bai)株(zhu)250頭(tou),卷葉株(zhu)率(lv)(lv)3.1%;泰安市蚜(ya)(ya)(ya)株(zhu)率(lv)(lv)平(ping)均(jun)(jun)15%,平(ping)均(jun)(jun)百(bai)(bai)株(zhu)蚜(ya)(ya)(ya)量(liang)(liang)30頭(tou);菏澤市平(ping)均(jun)(jun)蚜(ya)(ya)(ya)株(zhu)率(lv)(lv)45%,百(bai)(bai)株(zhu)蚜(ya)(ya)(ya)量(liang)(liang)110-260頭(tou),防(fang)治較(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)差的地塊百(bai)(bai)株(zhu)蟲量(liang)(liang)1000頭(tou)以(yi)上(shang)(shang),平(ping)均(jun)(jun)卷葉株(zhu)率(lv)(lv)5.5%,最高(gao)30%,春棉防(fang)治及時,卷葉株(zhu)率(lv)(lv)較(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)低,3%以(yi)下,接近歷(li)年(nian)、去年(nian)同(tong)期(qi)值;東營市大田普查平(ping)均(jun)(jun)百(bai)(bai)株(zhu)蚜(ya)(ya)(ya)量(liang)(liang)186頭(tou),較(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)上(shang)(shang)年(nian)同(tong)期(qi)減少,最高(gao)百(bai)(bai)株(zhu)蚜(ya)(ya)(ya)量(liang)(liang)323頭(tou)。
3、花生病蟲
泰安市花生葉斑病病墩率平均50%,病葉率平均15%;青島市花生蚜百墩300-700頭,最高百墩1200頭,花生根腐病病株率4%;濟寧市花生葉斑病平均病墩率15.6%,病葉率0.3%左右。
二、植保活動情況
6月24-25日,全國植保信息暨農藥械(xie)推廣網理事(shi)(shi)會在濟南市召開,全國(guo)(guo)農(nong)技(ji)中(zhong)心(xin)鐘天潤(run)副(fu)主任(ren)、省農(nong)業(ye)廳王培泉(quan)副(fu)廳長、省植保(bao)(bao)總(zong)站盧增全站長、李明立副(fu)站長、全國(guo)(guo)農(nong)技(ji)中(zhong)心(xin)農(nong)藥與藥械(xie)處(chu)、技(ji)術促進(jin)處(chu)、標(biao)準信息處(chu)的有(you)關領導,以及(ji)全國(guo)(guo)植保(bao)(bao)信息網理事(shi)(shi)單位和前幾(ji)屆承辦(ban)省非理事(shi)(shi)單位的代表,共70多人參加了會議。
夏(xia)(xia)蝗防(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)工作(zuo)于(yu)6月(yue)1日開(kai)始展(zhan)開(kai),其中飛(fei)機防(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)自(zi)6月(yue)12日正式開(kai)始。截止到(dao)6月(yue)22日,全省共防(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)夏(xia)(xia)蝗242.4萬畝,其中飛(fei)機防(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)57萬畝,共作(zuo)業飛(fei)行(xing)64架次,地面防(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)185.4萬畝,綜合防(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)效果達95%以(yi)上,有效地控制了蝗害(hai),實現(xian)了不起飛(fei),不成災的目標。
來(lai)源:山東省(sheng)植物保護總站