近日，由中國(guo)農藥(yao)發展與應用協(xie)會在武漢主(zhu)辦(ban)的全國(guo)生物農藥(yao)發展論壇上，一(yi)份關(guan)于湖南省湘(xiang)陰(yin)縣(xian)近七年來大(da)力推(tui)廣(guang)生物農藥(yao)、確(que)保農產品質量安全、促進當(dang)地農業(ye)生產持(chi)續(xu)發展的具體做法(fa)和(he)取(qu)得的初步成(cheng)效的匯報材(cai)料引(yin)起與會領導、專(zhuan)家、企業(ye)負責人的高度關(guan)注和(he)廣(guang)泛討(tao)論，大(da)家將此突(tu)出的標志性現象概括為——“湘(xiang)陰(yin)模式”。
生物農藥助“三農”再上新臺階
“全(quan)(quan)(quan)國重要的商品(pin)糧基地縣(xian)”、“全(quan)(quan)(quan)國農(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)標(biao)準(zhun)化縣(xian)”、“全(quan)(quan)(quan)國糧食生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產先(xian)(xian)進縣(xian)標(biao)兵”、“全(quan)(quan)(quan)國綠色食品(pin)原(yuan)料基地縣(xian)”，一個個榮譽見證了(le)在(zai)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)防治技術推(tui)(tui)廣方面(mian)，湘(xiang)(xiang)陰(yin)一直處(chu)于全(quan)(quan)(quan)國先(xian)(xian)進行列。據了(le)解(jie)，位(wei)于南(nan)洞庭湖(hu)濱(bin)湘(xiang)(xiang)陰(yin)縣(xian)，全(quan)(quan)(quan)縣(xian)總面(mian)積1581.5平方公里，耕(geng)地面(mian)積88萬(wan)畝。湘(xiang)(xiang)陰(yin)縣(xian)農(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)局(ju)局(ju)長喻(yu)永華(hua)告(gao)訴記(ji)者：“湘(xiang)(xiang)陰(yin)縣(xian)一直把推(tui)(tui)廣生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)農(nong)(nong)藥作為綜合(he)治理洞庭湖(hu)、保護濕(shi)地資源(yuan)和(he)(he)(he)水(shui)資源(yuan)的戰略性措施來抓。”據近七年(nian)的統(tong)計顯(xian)示(shi)：該縣(xian)共推(tui)(tui)廣蘇云金桿菌(jun)（BT）制劑726噸、井岡霉素685噸、其他生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)農(nong)(nong)藥689噸，年(nian)均遞增率(lv)均超過20%。其中，2009年(nian)全(quan)(quan)(quan)縣(xian)推(tui)(tui)廣BT和(he)(he)(he)井岡霉素分別達到178噸、86噸。對于大力推(tui)(tui)廣生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)農(nong)(nong)藥所取得的效益，喻(yu)永華(hua)笑著告(gao)訴記(ji)者：“生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)農(nong)(nong)藥在(zai)本地的廣泛(fan)推(tui)(tui)廣和(he)(he)(he)使用對‘三農(nong)(nong)’工作起(qi)到了(le)積極作用，一方面(mian)控制了(le)爆發性病蟲(chong)的發生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)與危害，確保農(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產安(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)，加快了(le)農(nong)(nong)藥更新換代，另一方面(mian)又保護了(le)農(nong)(nong)田環(huan)境(jing)，提高了(le)農(nong)(nong)產品(pin)質量，促(cu)進了(le)農(nong)(nong)民增收和(he)(he)(he)農(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)增效，真正實(shi)現了(le)農(nong)(nong)村生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)活(huo)的和(he)(he)(he)諧(xie)與穩定(ding)。”
五項措施積極推進生物農藥推廣
在推(tui)廣(guang)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)藥的(de)(de)(de)具(ju)體做(zuo)法上，湘陰縣(xian)(xian)(xian)用以(yi)(yi)下行(xing)(xing)動(dong)證實了(le)優(you)異成績背后(hou)所(suo)實施的(de)(de)(de)縝密思(si)路(lu)。第(di)一(yi)，切實加(jia)強領導(dao)，變部(bu)門(men)(men)行(xing)(xing)為(wei)為(wei)政(zheng)府(fu)行(xing)(xing)為(wei)。自2004年(nian)(nian)以(yi)(yi)來(lai)，湘陰模(mo)式(shi)(shi)專(zhuan)門(men)(men)制(zhi)定了(le)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)藥科學(xue)合(he)理使用的(de)(de)(de)實施方案和(he)保(bao)障(zhang)制(zhi)度(du)，把(ba)推(tui)廣(guang)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)藥控制(zhi)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)作(zuo)(zuo)物病(bing)蟲和(he)禁、限用農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)藥使用作(zuo)(zuo)為(wei)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)政(zheng)府(fu)目標管理千分制(zhi)年(nian)(nian)度(du)考核的(de)(de)(de)重要內(nei)容，并將(jiang)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)藥推(tui)廣(guang)應(ying)用面(mian)(mian)積量化落(luo)實到各(ge)鄉鎮。第(di)二，拓寬服務(wu)領域，變單(dan)線指導(dao)為(wei)整體聯(lian)動(dong)。一(yi)方面(mian)(mian)，推(tui)進了(le)病(bing)蟲信息和(he)植(zhi)保(bao)技(ji)(ji)術進村入(ru)戶(hu)(hu)，擴大(da)了(le)覆蓋面(mian)(mian)、提(ti)高(gao)入(ru)戶(hu)(hu)率(lv)和(he)服務(wu)水(shui)平；另一(yi)方面(mian)(mian)廣(guang)泛建立(li)科技(ji)(ji)示范(fan)戶(hu)(hu)、示范(fan)場、示范(fan)園和(he)結(jie)合(he)糧食高(gao)產(chan)創建、農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)標準化示范(fan)區建設(she)(she)，在全縣(xian)(xian)(xian)設(she)(she)立(li)了(le)206個生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)藥連鎖專(zhuan)營(ying)店，實行(xing)(xing)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)資統一(yi)配送(song)，農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)藥統一(yi)使用，病(bing)蟲統一(yi)防(fang)治，產(chan)品統一(yi)銷售，品牌統一(yi)開發(fa)；此外，專(zhuan)門(men)(men)組織12名高(gao)級農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)藝師成立(li)了(le)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)技(ji)(ji)術專(zhuan)家(jia)組。第(di)三，確(que)定主導(dao)品種，變多(duo)途進貨為(wei)連鎖經營(ying)。確(que)定了(le)以(yi)(yi)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)植(zhi)保(bao)公司為(wei)全縣(xian)(xian)(xian)植(zhi)保(bao)新產(chan)品、新技(ji)(ji)術推(tui)廣(guang)的(de)(de)(de)主體單(dan)位(wei)，有(you)計劃、有(you)步驟(zou)地選擇一(yi)些科技(ji)(ji)意識(shi)和(he)推(tui)廣(guang)能力強的(de)(de)(de)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)資經營(ying)戶(hu)(hu)作(zuo)(zuo)為(wei)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)植(zhi)保(bao)公司的(de)(de)(de)鏈接經營(ying)門(men)(men)店。第(di)四，做(zuo)好預測預報和(he)信息入(ru)戶(hu)(hu)，變被動(dong)為(wei)主動(dong)。既掌握了(le)病(bing)蟲防(fang)治的(de)(de)(de)主動(dong)性，又避免延誤生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)藥的(de)(de)(de)最佳(jia)防(fang)治期。第(di)五，認真搞好售后(hou)服務(wu)。作(zuo)(zuo)為(wei)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)部(bu)門(men)(men)的(de)(de)(de)技(ji)(ji)術服務(wu)實體，不僅要為(wei)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)民提(ti)供優(you)質產(chan)品，而且(qie)要發(fa)揮技(ji)(ji)術優(you)勢，提(ti)供關愛(ai)式(shi)(shi)服務(wu)、增值服務(wu)。
“湘陰模式”引發行內大討論
“湘陰模(mo)式”讓(rang)生物農藥的大(da)力推廣應用與食品質量安全真(zhen)正實現了“捆綁”保證。
中(zhong)(zhong)國綠色(se)食品(pin)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)展中(zhong)(zhong)心王運浩(hao)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)表了(le)(le)自己的(de)(de)觀點，“湘陰模(mo)(mo)式(shi)”充(chong)分說明了(le)(le)建(jian)設現(xian)(xian)代(dai)農(nong)業(ye)是(shi)當(dang)前和(he)今后一個(ge)時期我國農(nong)業(ye)和(he)農(nong)村(cun)工作的(de)(de)重要主題。其中(zhong)(zhong)高產(chan)、高效、優質、生態、安(an)全(quan)是(shi)現(xian)(xian)代(dai)農(nong)業(ye)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)展的(de)(de)基本目標。他強調(diao)，發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)展生物農(nong)藥(yao)、保證(zheng)食品(pin)安(an)全(quan)一方面需要依靠科(ke)(ke)技(ji)進步和(he)加(jia)大開發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)力(li)度(du)，另一方面需要建(jian)立(li)以綠色(se)食品(pin)基地為平(ping)臺，大力(li)推廣并應用。此外，科(ke)(ke)技(ji)部農(nong)村(cun)科(ke)(ke)技(ji)司王亞(ya)武博士同樣表示，保障現(xian)(xian)代(dai)農(nong)林業(ye)的(de)(de)可(ke)持續生產(chan)、保護生態環境安(an)全(quan)，對新(xin)型高效農(nong)藥(yao)提出了(le)(le)新(xin)要求(qiu)，發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)展生物農(nong)藥(yao)已成(cheng)為國際社會的(de)(de)共識，“湘陰模(mo)(mo)式(shi)”展現(xian)(xian)出加(jia)強生物農(nong)藥(yao)的(de)(de)科(ke)(ke)技(ji)創(chuang)新(xin)和(he)具體措施將(jiang)是(shi)推進農(nong)藥(yao)產(chan)業(ye)又快又好發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)展的(de)(de)戰略(lve)途(tu)徑。
針對(dui)各方(fang)代表(biao)(biao)對(dui)“湘(xiang)陰模式”的各抒己見，喻永(yong)華(hua)心(xin)存感激，表(biao)(biao)示收獲頗豐。他告訴記者：“從2010年(nian)(nian)起，我們規劃用(yong)(yong)三(san)年(nian)(nian)時(shi)間達到以下三(san)個(ge)目標：一是(shi)(shi)有核心(xin)技(ji)術產(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)的生物農藥應(ying)用(yong)(yong)覆(fu)蓋率達80%；二是(shi)(shi)植保(bao)新(xin)技(ji)術推廣應(ying)用(yong)(yong)范圍(wei)內農產(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)優(you)質商品(pin)(pin)率達80%；三(san)是(shi)(shi)農產(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)的產(chan)(chan)值提(ti)高80%。”與此同時(shi)，在今后生物農藥的實(shi)際推廣和(he)(he)具(ju)體應(ying)用(yong)(yong)工(gong)作中(zhong)，他建(jian)議：“業內同行要圍(wei)繞和(he)(he)諧發展和(he)(he)高效、生態(tai)、安(an)全這個(ge)主題(ti)，按照‘優(you)勢互(hu)補、互(hu)惠互(hu)利’的原則，謀求合作，實(shi)現共贏。”
