今年是農業部農藥市場監管(guan)年，繼4月份(fen)國務院(yuan)多個部門聯合下發 《關(guan)于打擊違法制售禁(jin)限用高毒(du)農(nong)(nong)藥規范農(nong)(nong)藥使用行為的(de)通(tong)知》后，7月底農(nong)(nong)業部《關(guan)于進(jin)一步加強農(nong)(nong)藥管(guan)理(li)工作(zuo)的(de)意見》正式出臺，矛頭直指高毒(du)農(nong)(nong)藥和農(nong)(nong)藥殘留。
結合國(guo)外發(fa)達國(guo)家(jia)和地區(qu)農藥禁(jin)限用品(pin)種(zhong)及國(guo)內生產與(yu)應用情(qing)況，預計未來還(huan)有更(geng)多農藥品(pin)種(zhong)禁(jin)用將會(hui)提到議(yi)事日程上(shang)來，即便(bian)是(shi)效果較好、用途(tu)獨(du)特的(de)部分高毒品(pin)種(zhong)如氧化(hua)樂果、克百威、涕滅威、滅多威等也將加快替代品(pin)種(zhong)的(de)開(kai)發(fa)、生產與(yu)應用。
歷史經(jing)驗(yan)告訴我們，每次農藥禁限用都是(shi)農藥工業(ye)發展(zhan)再上一個臺階(jie)的契(qi)機，同時也給(gei)許(xu)多農藥品種(zhong)帶來良好市場機遇和需求空間，目(mu)前禁限用農藥主(zhu)要集中(zhong)在(zai)殺(sha)蟲殺(sha)螨(man)劑領域，因此部分(fen)殺(sha)蟲劑品種(zhong)將迎來發展(zhan)機遇。
有機磷類殺蟲劑 毒(du)(du)(du)死(si)蜱、丙(bing)溴磷(lin)、二嗪磷(lin)、辛硫(liu)磷(lin)、馬拉硫(liu)磷(lin)等，其中主要品種為(wei)毒(du)(du)(du)死(si)蜱，目(mu)前制約(yue)國內毒(du)(du)(du)死(si)蜱生(sheng)產與(yu)發(fa)展最(zui)大的瓶頸不是(shi)產能過(guo)剩而是(shi)其專(zhuan)用(yong)中間體三氯吡啶醇鈉合成過(guo)程中大量(liang)難以治理的含鹽廢水(shui)，因此未來(lai)開發(fa)重點將是(shi)通過(guo)四(si)氯吡啶水(shui)解酸(suan)化路線合成三氯吡啶醇鈉。
煙堿類殺蟲劑 吡蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)啉、啶(ding)(ding)(ding)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)脒、烯(xi)啶(ding)(ding)(ding)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)胺(an)(an)(an)、氯噻啉、噻蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)啉、噻蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)嗪(qin)、噻蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)胺(an)(an)(an)、呋蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)胺(an)(an)(an)等(deng)，目前吡蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)啉、啶(ding)(ding)(ding)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)脒、烯(xi)啶(ding)(ding)(ding)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)胺(an)(an)(an)國內已(yi)經(jing)大量生產，其中許多(duo)病蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)對主(zhu)流(liu)品(pin)種吡蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)啉具有一定的抗性。未來啶(ding)(ding)(ding)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)脒、烯(xi)啶(ding)(ding)(ding)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)胺(an)(an)(an)市場(chang)需求會(hui)不斷增(zeng)加，新(xin)品(pin)種中噻蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)嗪(qin)和呋蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)胺(an)(an)(an)前景(jing)較(jiao)為看好。
擬除蟲菊酯類殺蟲劑 氰(qing)戊菊(ju)酯(zhi)(zhi)、聯苯菊(ju)酯(zhi)(zhi)、高效(xiao)氯氟氰(qing)菊(ju)酯(zhi)(zhi)等，近年(nian)來，國外開發的(de)環丙基結構菊(ju)酯(zhi)(zhi)化(hua)合物(wu)、烴(jing)菊(ju)酯(zhi)(zhi)、二氟環丙基類(lei)似物(wu)、拜耳公(gong)司(si)開發的(de)對白(bai)蟻(yi)有專效(xiao)的(de)氟酯(zhi)(zhi)菊(ju)酯(zhi)(zhi)等值得關注。
生物源農藥 阿維菌(jun)素(su)、甲氨(an)基(ji)(ji)阿維菌(jun)素(su)、瀏陽霉素(su)等(deng)，此外(wai)阿維菌(jun)素(su)的衍生物(wu)伊維菌(jun)素(su)、乙酰基(ji)(ji)阿維菌(jun)素(su)、彌拜菌(jun)素(su)及印楝素(su)、魚藤酮、蛇床子素(su)、苦參堿等(deng)植物(wu)源農(nong)藥(yao)具有較好的市(shi)場前(qian)景。
苯甲酰脲類殺蟲劑 氟(fu)鈴(ling)脲(niao)、氟(fu)啶(ding)脲(niao)、氟(fu)蟲脲(niao)、啶(ding)蜱脲(niao)、氟(fu)酰脲(niao)、氟(fu)螨脲(niao)等(deng)，國內多有研究與生產，今(jin)后重點要強(qiang)化其通(tong)用中間(jian)體2,6-二氟(fu)苯甲酰胺(an)的(de)工藝優化，尤其是合(he)成原料選(xuan)擇的(de)優化，進一步降低生產成本。
進口品種 部(bu)分(fen)進口殺(sha)蟲(chong)劑(ji)(ji)市(shi)場需求較好，如(ru)今年上半年原藥和(he)制劑(ji)(ji)進口量分(fen)別高居進口榜(bang)首(shou)的(de)氟蟲(chong)雙酰(xian)胺和(he)氯蟲(chong)苯(ben)甲酰(xian)胺，吡咯類殺(sha)蟲(chong)劑(ji)(ji)溴蟲(chong)腈、新型特窗酸類殺(sha)蟲(chong)劑(ji)(ji)螺蟲(chong)乙酯、含三(san)氟甲基二(er)嗪類殺(sha)蟲(chong)劑(ji)(ji)茚(yin)蟲(chong)威(wei)等(deng)。
