近年來，由于全球極端氣候條件增多，施藥適宜氣候條件減少，農藥的使(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)效果和(he)(he)生物合理利用(yong)(yong)(yong)率(lv)降低。農藥(yao)(yao)(yao)噴霧助劑可以多方面(mian)改善農藥(yao)(yao)(yao)的使(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)性能(neng)，使(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)方便、通用(yong)(yong)(yong)性強，能(neng)有效提(ti)高(gao)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)效，其開發和(he)(he)應用(yong)(yong)(yong)將成為農藥(yao)(yao)(yao)應用(yong)(yong)(yong)技術新的亮點。這是筆者在(zai)日前召開的第(di)三屆環(huan)境友好型農藥(yao)(yao)(yao)制(zhi)劑加工技術及(ji)生產(chan)設備研討會上(shang)了解到的。
“為(wei)了提高(gao)農(nong)(nong)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)效(xiao)、降低使(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)量、減少環境(jing)污染，在(zai)(zai)農(nong)(nong)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)使(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)時在(zai)(zai)噴(pen)(pen)(pen)霧(wu)液(ye)(ye)(ye)中(zhong)加入(ru)噴(pen)(pen)(pen)霧(wu)助(zhu)劑(ji)是一種(zhong)(zhong)行之有效(xiao)的方法，隨著農(nong)(nong)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)使(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)技術的不(bu)斷革新(xin)探索，噴(pen)(pen)(pen)霧(wu)助(zhu)劑(ji)在(zai)(zai)生(sheng)產實踐中(zhong)得(de)到大力開發和應(ying)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)。”中(zhong)化(hua)化(hua)工科(ke)學技術研究總院高(gao)級工程(cheng)師張宗儉告訴(su)筆者，噴(pen)(pen)(pen)霧(wu)助(zhu)劑(ji)又稱(cheng)為(wei)桶(tong)混助(zhu)劑(ji)，是在(zai)(zai)農(nong)(nong)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)使(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)時與農(nong)(nong)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)一起添加在(zai)(zai)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)液(ye)(ye)(ye)桶(tong)中(zhong)現(xian)混現(xian)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)的一種(zhong)(zhong)助(zhu)劑(ji)產品。噴(pen)(pen)(pen)霧(wu)助(zhu)劑(ji)因(yin)可(ke)以不(bu)添加在(zai)(zai)農(nong)(nong)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)劑(ji)型之中(zhong)而單獨包(bao)裝，在(zai)(zai)農(nong)(nong)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)施(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)時加入(ru)噴(pen)(pen)(pen)霧(wu)液(ye)(ye)(ye)中(zhong)，可(ke)以降低藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)液(ye)(ye)(ye)的表面(mian)張力，提高(gao)潤濕滲(shen)透性，增加霧(wu)滴(di)在(zai)(zai)葉面(mian)的沉積量，延長霧(wu)滴(di)保濕時間，促進藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)液(ye)(ye)(ye)在(zai)(zai)植物體內的吸收等以達到增加藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)效(xiao)的目的。
大量的(de)研究結果(guo)表明，農藥(yao)(yao)助(zhu)劑對農藥(yao)(yao)有(you)效成(cheng)分生物(wu)(wu)活(huo)性的(de)發揮有(you)極其重要的(de)作用。合(he)理地添加使用助(zhu)劑不僅(jin)可(ke)以增強農藥(yao)(yao)產(chan)品的(de)物(wu)(wu)理化學穩定(ding)性，提升產(chan)品質(zhi)量與使用效果(guo)，而且可(ke)以增進產(chan)品的(de)安全性能，提高產(chan)品有(you)效成(cheng)分的(de)生物(wu)(wu)利用率，降低環(huan)(huan)境(jing)污染在農產(chan)品、土壤(rang)、水及(ji)大氣(qi)中的(de)殘留(liu)量，保護環(huan)(huan)境(jing)、人類(lei)及(ji)非靶生物(wu)(wu)的(de)安全。
談到噴(pen)霧(wu)助劑(ji)(ji)的(de)發(fa)展前景，張宗儉表(biao)示，農(nong)(nong)藥(yao)噴(pen)霧(wu)助劑(ji)(ji)的(de)開發(fa)與利用(yong)，可(ke)以極大地滿足不(bu)同(tong)農(nong)(nong)藥(yao)產品對助劑(ji)(ji)的(de)要求，彌補農(nong)(nong)藥(yao)水基化與高含量制劑(ji)(ji)產品對噴(pen)霧(wu)作業的(de)特(te)殊要求，并能促(cu)進藥(yao)液(ye)在植物體內的(de)吸收，提高防治效果(guo)，推動(dong)精(jing)準施藥(yao)、減量施藥(yao)等新技術的(de)推廣應用(yong)，其(qi)必將成(cheng)為農(nong)(nong)藥(yao)應用(yong)技術新亮點(dian)。
張宗儉也提醒說，噴(pen)霧助(zhu)劑(ji)不(bu)(bu)是(shi)“萬金(jin)油”，并非對(dui)每種藥(yao)都同(tong)等(deng)增效，不(bu)(bu)同(tong)的(de)環境條(tiao)件、施藥(yao)器械、噴(pen)霧作(zuo)業質量(liang)都會影(ying)響噴(pen)霧助(zhu)劑(ji)的(de)使(shi)用效果，因此要(yao)根據不(bu)(bu)同(tong)的(de)農藥(yao)產品、應用作(zuo)物(wu)、防(fang)治靶標等(deng)選擇不(bu)(bu)同(tong)的(de)助(zhu)劑(ji)。
