近年來，隨著我國農藥產業的快速發展，農藥登記產品的種類、數量、結構等方面發生了很大的變化。同時，由于社會的發展和人民生活水平的提高，對與農產品安全密切相關的農藥管理工作也提出了更高的要求。環境友好和可持續發展已成為當代的主旋律。面對新形勢，確有必要改革和完善農藥登記藥效資料審評要求。參考加拿大等國家農藥登記管理的有關做法，結合我國農藥產業特點和管理實踐，初步思考如下：
1改(gai)進農(nong)藥(yao)登記藥(yao)效審評的必要性
目前(qian)我國農藥(yao)(yao)登記藥(yao)(yao)效資料(liao)要求是以(yi)田間小區(qu)藥(yao)(yao)效試驗(yan)評(ping)價(jia)為主，二年多(duo)地田間小區(qu)試驗(yan)的防治(zhi)效果是農藥(yao)(yao)登記藥(yao)(yao)效評(ping)審的主要依據。針對(dui)當(dang)前(qian)農藥(yao)(yao)管(guan)理形(xing)勢(shi)，其不(bu)足(zu)主要表(biao)現在以(yi)下兩方面：
1.1藥效評(ping)價手段單一，以劑(ji)量驗證為主
我國農(nong)(nong)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)登記(ji)制度(du)最早是(shi)從規(gui)范農(nong)(nong)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)質量(liang)和藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)效(xiao)兩方面(mian)建立起(qi)來的(de)。當時的(de)社會背(bei)景(jing)是(shi)農(nong)(nong)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)品(pin)種少，生(sheng)產(chan)量(liang)低，亟需(xu)篩選防(fang)效(xiao)好的(de)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)劑(ji)(ji)品(pin)種登記(ji)以滿足農(nong)(nong)業生(sheng)產(chan)中病、蟲、草害(hai)防(fang)治的(de)需(xu)要(yao)。在此背(bei)景(jing)下(xia)制定的(de)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)效(xiao)資(zi)料要(yao)求(qiu)和《農(nong)(nong)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)登記(ji)田間藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)效(xiao)試(shi)驗準(zhun)則》系列標準(zhun)，其核心是(shi)通過設置(zhi)低、中、高3個劑(ji)(ji)量(liang)來驗證和評價試(shi)驗藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)劑(ji)(ji)的(de)防(fang)治效(xiao)果，農(nong)(nong)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)登記(ji)審評的(de)依(yi)據也(ye)只關注(zhu)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)效(xiao)是(shi)否能(neng)達到防(fang)治要(yao)求(qiu)。然(ran)而(er)，農(nong)(nong)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)行(xing)業已經(jing)發生(sheng)翻天(tian)覆地的(de)變化，時代背(bei)景(jing)也(ye)迥然(ran)不同。
1.2藥(yao)效評價內容簡單，難(nan)以滿足農業生產安(an)全用(yong)藥(yao)需求(qiu)
目前(qian)藥效(xiao)評價(jia)的(de)內容僅是與當地常(chang)規(gui)對照藥劑(ji)(ji)登(deng)記(ji)用(yong)(yong)(yong)量(liang)的(de)防(fang)效(xiao)進行比較(jiao)分析，防(fang)效(xiao)無顯著性差異時就可(ke)以登(deng)記(ji)。由于常(chang)規(gui)對照藥劑(ji)(ji)多為(wei)使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)多年(nian)的(de)老產(chan)品(pin)，抗性普遍上(shang)升速度(du)快，多年(nian)前(qian)的(de)登(deng)記(ji)使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)劑(ji)(ji)量(liang)在生產(chan)中早已不(bu)適用(yong)(yong)(yong)，按(an)此(ci)劑(ji)(ji)量(liang)作為(wei)對照來評價(jia)擬登(deng)記(ji)產(chan)品(pin)的(de)使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)劑(ji)(ji)量(liang)難以符合農(nong)(nong)業生產(chan)實際。一個蔬(shu)菜種植基地的(de)技術員在此(ci)前(qian)調研采(cai)訪(fang)中提到，“按(an)標簽用(yong)(yong)(yong)藥肯定是沒效(xiao)的(de)，尤其殺蟲劑(ji)(ji)，必須要加(jia)量(liang)使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)”。普通農(nong)(nong)戶隨(sui)意濫用(yong)(yong)(yong)農(nong)(nong)藥現象(xiang)更是嚴(yan)重，“不(bu)管什么(me)藥，不(bu)用(yong)(yong)(yong)看(kan)標簽，一般都是20毫升兌1桶水(15公斤)”，上(shang)湖鄉(xiang)一個辣椒種植戶接受采(cai)訪(fang)時說(shuo)。
1.3登記“三多”困境亟待破題(ti)
經(jing)過農(nong)藥產業的迅(xun)猛發展(zhan)，目前我國農(nong)藥登(deng)(deng)記(ji)的特(te)點是(shi)(shi)“三多”，即企業數量多、老產品(pin)(pin)多、相同產品(pin)(pin)多。針對“熱門產品(pin)(pin)”，大量的企業重復(fu)申請登(deng)(deng)記(ji)，必然導致(zhi)大量的重復(fu)登(deng)(deng)記(ji)試(shi)驗(yan)；如減(jian)少試(shi)驗(yan)資料(liao)要(yao)求，又會導致(zhi)更大量的相同產品(pin)(pin)登(deng)(deng)記(ji)。把握政(zheng)策(ce)性(xing)(資料(liao)保(bao)護、申請者均需提供(gong)與(yu)首家相同資料(liao))與(yu)科學性(xing)(相同產品(pin)(pin)減(jian)免(mian)試(shi)驗(yan)資料(liao))的平衡，合理調控相同產品(pin)(pin)的登(deng)(deng)記(ji)數量一直是(shi)(shi)登(deng)(deng)記(ji)管理中急待破解的難題。
2改(gai)進(jin)完善農藥(yao)(yao)登記(ji)藥(yao)(yao)效(xiao)審評的思考
由農(nong)藥(yao)單一(yi)“藥(yao)效(xiao)(xiao)”(Efficacy)審評向綜合(he)“效(xiao)(xiao)益”(Value)評估(gu)(gu)(gu)轉(zhuan)變(bian)，減少藥(yao)效(xiao)(xiao)試驗(yan)資料比重，增加經(jing)濟與社會效(xiao)(xiao)益評估(gu)(gu)(gu)內容，改(gai)進藥(yao)效(xiao)(xiao)試驗(yan)數據要(yao)求，推行(xing)藥(yao)效(xiao)(xiao)分(fen)級標識，強(qiang)化作物安全(quan)性(xing)和抗(kang)性(xing)風險評估(gu)(gu)(gu)管理(li)，是滿足農(nong)藥(yao)行(xing)業新常態要(yao)求，優化政(zheng)策手(shou)段的(de)一(yi)條(tiao)可探(tan)索(suo)路徑。
2.1總體思路，推動藥效評(ping)價由(you)單一防(fang)效評(ping)估向綜(zong)合效益(yi)評(ping)估轉變(bian)
增加經(jing)濟(ji)(ji)與社(she)會效(xiao)益(yi)評估內容。一是農(nong)(nong)(nong)藥(yao)產(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)的(de)(de)可替(ti)代性(xing)分析(xi)。分析(xi)其是否(fou)可以替(ti)代已(yi)經(jing)登(deng)記(ji)(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)其他產(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)，是否(fou)符合當(dang)前農(nong)(nong)(nong)業生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)中(zhong)有害生(sheng)(sheng)物防治(zhi)的(de)(de)實踐(jian)，是否(fou)有利于降低農(nong)(nong)(nong)藥(yao)使用的(de)(de)風險。二(er)是產(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)的(de)(de)經(jing)濟(ji)(ji)和(he)(he)社(she)會價值分析(xi)。分析(xi)擬登(deng)記(ji)(ji)(ji)產(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)的(de)(de)經(jing)濟(ji)(ji)和(he)(he)社(she)會效(xiao)益(yi)，包括作物的(de)(de)價值、種植面積、有害生(sheng)(sheng)物對(dui)農(nong)(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)品(pin)(pin)(pin)質和(he)(he)商(shang)品(pin)(pin)(pin)性(xing)的(de)(de)影響，使用擬登(deng)記(ji)(ji)(ji)產(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)對(dui)農(nong)(nong)(nong)藥(yao)使用者(農(nong)(nong)(nong)民)的(de)(de)收益(yi)，對(dui)作物的(de)(de)安(an)全(quan)性(xing)，對(dui)有害生(sheng)(sheng)物是否(fou)具(ju)有更(geng)(geng)廣(guang)譜、更(geng)(geng)高(gao)的(de)(de)生(sheng)(sheng)物活性(xing)等。研究制定評審規范，合理、適度(du)調(diao)控相同產(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)登(deng)記(ji)(ji)(ji)數量，引導更(geng)(geng)高(gao)效(xiao)、安(an)全(quan)、環(huan)境友好型(xing)產(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)研發登(deng)記(ji)(ji)(ji)。
2.2試(shi)驗年限，放開2年的限制向普遍(bian)1年多點轉變
現行(xing)藥效(xiao)資料要(yao)(yao)求(qiu)主(zhu)要(yao)(yao)參(can)考歐(ou)盟(meng)，幾乎所有(you)產(chan)品均需提供兩年多地田(tian)間(jian)藥效(xiao)試驗。從藥效(xiao)評(ping)價的需要(yao)(yao)出發，試驗可(ke)分類開展：對(dui)(dui)新(xin)農藥、新(xin)防治對(dui)(dui)象(xiang)，可(ke)要(yao)(yao)求(qiu)2年或2個(ge)生長季的試驗資料，同時增加大區藥效(xiao)試驗作為參(can)考，以驗證新(xin)產(chan)品在大規模農業生產(chan)模式下應用的實際防治效(xiao)果和對(dui)(dui)作物的安全(quan)性；對(dui)(dui)于新(xin)劑型、新(xin)含(han)量、單劑已取(qu)得(de)登記的混配制(zhi)劑等，均可(ke)進行(xing)1年多地(8-10點)藥效(xiao)驗證試驗。
2.3試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)內(nei)容，增(zeng)加作物安(an)全(quan)性、靶標(biao)抗(kang)性等試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)
一是田間作物安全性試驗。對除草劑新(xin)農(nong)藥，增(zeng)(zeng)加作(zuo)(zuo)物(wu)(wu)安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)性(xing)評(ping)價試(shi)(shi)驗，根據企業(ye)推薦(jian)用(yong)(yong)藥量(liang)，增(zeng)(zeng)設2倍(bei)量(liang)，驗證較高劑量(liang)下(xia)對(dui)(dui)(dui)作(zuo)(zuo)物(wu)(wu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)性(xing)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)評(ping)估產品在不同環境氣(qi)候條件下(xia)，對(dui)(dui)(dui)不同主栽作(zuo)(zuo)物(wu)(wu)品種的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)性(xing)。對(dui)(dui)(dui)長殘(can)效(xiao)除草劑，增(zeng)(zeng)加對(dui)(dui)(dui)后茬主要(yao)作(zuo)(zuo)物(wu)(wu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)間(jian)隔期試(shi)(shi)驗，明確可以(yi)(yi)(yi)安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)種植的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)后茬作(zuo)(zuo)物(wu)(wu)種類(lei)及種植的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)間(jian)隔期。二是(shi)田(tian)(tian)間(jian)最低有(you)效(xiao)劑量(liang)試(shi)(shi)驗。新(xin)農(nong)藥和(he)新(xin)使(shi)用(yong)(yong)范圍(wei)登記，以(yi)(yi)(yi)企業(ye)推薦(jian)劑量(liang)為基準(zhun)，增(zeng)(zeng)設0.5倍(bei)或0.75倍(bei)量(liang)，探索(suo)降低用(yong)(yong)量(liang)條件下(xia)是(shi)否也(ye)可以(yi)(yi)(yi)達(da)到理(li)想防(fang)治效(xiao)果，避免不必要(yao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)用(yong)(yong)量(liang)增(zeng)(zeng)加造成浪費和(he)安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)風險(xian)(xian)(xian)。三是(shi)抗(kang)(kang)性(xing)風險(xian)(xian)(xian)評(ping)估試(shi)(shi)驗。對(dui)(dui)(dui)新(xin)農(nong)藥，增(zeng)(zeng)加抗(kang)(kang)性(xing)風險(xian)(xian)(xian)評(ping)估資料，根據農(nong)藥的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)作(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)方式、機理(li)以(yi)(yi)(yi)及靶(ba)標有(you)害(hai)(hai)生物(wu)(wu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)特性(xing)，預先評(ping)估農(nong)藥投入使(shi)用(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)抗(kang)(kang)性(xing)風險(xian)(xian)(xian)。對(dui)(dui)(dui)老產品、相同產品，減(jian)免藥效(xiao)試(shi)(shi)驗，提供1年多點的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)田(tian)(tian)間(jian)抗(kang)(kang)性(xing)監測試(shi)(shi)驗，以(yi)(yi)(yi)摸(mo)清各地區(qu)田(tian)(tian)間(jian)抗(kang)(kang)性(xing)水(shui)平，指導農(nong)業(ye)生產中有(you)害(hai)(hai)生物(wu)(wu)防(fang)治用(yong)(yong)藥。
2.4使用范圍，探索靶標生物群組化登記
借鑒(jian)加(jia)拿(na)大(da)(da)(da)、澳大(da)(da)(da)利亞等(deng)國做法，通過作物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)、有(you)害生(sheng)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)群(qun)組(zu)化(hua)登(deng)記(ji)的方(fang)式，擴大(da)(da)(da)產品(pin)登(deng)記(ji)的使用范圍。一是對(dui)花(hua)卉、林木、草坪、園藝等(deng)非食(shi)用作物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)，根據(ju)病蟲草害發生(sheng)特點，實(shi)行(xing)按作物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)類別(bie)群(qun)組(zu)登(deng)記(ji)。二是對(dui)蔬菜(cai)等(deng)鮮食(shi)作物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)，根據(ju)病蟲等(deng)有(you)害生(sheng)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)生(sheng)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)學特性及危害特點，劃分作物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)和靶標(biao)群(qun)組(zu)，藥效(xiao)試驗(yan)可選擇在群(qun)組(zu)內代表作物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)和代表靶標(biao)上(shang)進(jin)行(xing)，在進(jin)行(xing)作物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)安全性試驗(yan)的前(qian)提下，藥效(xiao)試驗(yan)結(jie)果可擴展用于(yu)同組(zu)內其他作物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)相(xiang)關病蟲害上(shang)登(deng)記(ji)。
2.5資料來源，接(jie)受(shou)各(ge)方(fang)試驗數據和資料
目前(qian)藥效(xiao)資料以田(tian)間小(xiao)區試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗為(wei)主，且(qie)必(bi)須(xu)是農業部(bu)認證單(dan)位出具(ju)的(de)試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗報(bao)告(gao)才(cai)能作(zuo)(zuo)為(wei)登(deng)(deng)記資料。未來的(de)藥效(xiao)資料種(zhong)類和(he)來源可更加多元化。一是試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗資料部(bu)分。有實力(li)的(de)大企業在產品研發階段自(zi)主開展的(de)一些生物學試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗可以作(zuo)(zuo)為(wei)藥效(xiao)資料提供，如多劑型、多濃度(du)的(de)篩(shai)選試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗、制劑加工對活性影響(xiang)試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗、室(shi)內和(he)田(tian)間小(xiao)區藥效(xiao)試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗、作(zuo)(zuo)物安全(quan)性試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗等(deng)(deng)；二是參考文(wen)獻部(bu)分。小(xiao)作(zuo)(zuo)物用藥登(deng)(deng)記中，可接受權威期(qi)刊(kan)、報(bao)道、學術論文(wen)等(deng)(deng)來源的(de)試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗數(shu)據，作(zuo)(zuo)為(wei)藥效(xiao)資料的(de)重要補充(chong)。
2.6審評結(jie)果(guo)應用，力(li)求貼(tie)近我國(guo)農業生產用藥(yao)實際
一(yi)是(shi)(shi)改進標(biao)(biao)(biao)簽(qian)(qian)(qian)上用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)量表示方法。尊重(zhong)我國農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)使用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)特點和(he)習(xi)慣(guan)，在(zai)目前(qian)標(biao)(biao)(biao)簽(qian)(qian)(qian)上標(biao)(biao)(biao)注(zhu)畝用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)制劑量的(de)(de)(de)同(tong)時，增(zeng)加(jia)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)劑稀釋(shi)倍數的(de)(de)(de)使用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)說(shuo)明，既保證科學(xue)準確，又(you)符合生(sheng)產(chan)實際和(he)實踐。二是(shi)(shi)增(zeng)加(jia)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)劑抗性(xing)標(biao)(biao)(biao)識(shi)。按照農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)有(you)效(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)成(cheng)分(fen)化(hua)學(xue)結構、作用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)機(ji)制標(biao)(biao)(biao)注(zhu)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)產(chan)品(pin)(pin)分(fen)類代號(hao)，相同(tong)代號(hao)的(de)(de)(de)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)，代表其作用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)機(ji)制相同(tong)，不(bu)(bu)適宜作為(wei)(wei)輪(lun)換藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)劑品(pin)(pin)種(zhong)使用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)，指導生(sheng)產(chan)上合理輪(lun)換用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)品(pin)(pin)種(zhong)。三是(shi)(shi)探索藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)效(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)分(fen)級(ji)標(biao)(biao)(biao)識(shi)。不(bu)(bu)同(tong)類型的(de)(de)(de)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)，如微生(sheng)物(wu)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)、植物(wu)源農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)等，與傳統(tong)化(hua)學(xue)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)相比，防(fang)(fang)治(zhi)效(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)果存(cun)在(zai)明顯差(cha)異。目前(qian)登(deng)(deng)記評審中對(dui)生(sheng)物(wu)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)防(fang)(fang)效(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)指標(biao)(biao)(biao)的(de)(de)(de)要求與化(hua)學(xue)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)不(bu)(bu)同(tong)，但(dan)對(dui)外在(zai)登(deng)(deng)記證或(huo)標(biao)(biao)(biao)簽(qian)(qian)(qian)上沒有(you)體現。農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)使用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)者存(cun)在(zai)認識(shi)上的(de)(de)(de)誤區，認為(wei)(wei)只要登(deng)(deng)記了(le)的(de)(de)(de)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)，防(fang)(fang)效(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)就(jiu)應該是(shi)(shi)很好的(de)(de)(de)，不(bu)(bu)利于(yu)客(ke)觀認識(shi)和(he)正(zheng)確使用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)生(sheng)物(wu)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)。考慮借鑒加(jia)拿大、日本做法，根據防(fang)(fang)效(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)在(zai)標(biao)(biao)(biao)簽(qian)(qian)(qian)上增(zeng)加(jia)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)效(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)分(fen)級(ji)標(biao)(biao)(biao)識(shi)，如，“防(fang)(fang)治(zhi)”(A級(ji))、“抑制”(B級(ji))、“部分(fen)抑制”(C級(ji))等，給使用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)者以知情(qing)權(quan)和(he)選(xuan)擇權(quan)。對(dui)于(yu)登(deng)(deng)記多(duo)年的(de)(de)(de)老產(chan)品(pin)(pin)，由于(yu)抗性(xing)水(shui)平上升，在(zai)原登(deng)(deng)記劑量使用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)條件下，防(fang)(fang)效(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)級(ji)別必然降低。在(zai)標(biao)(biao)(biao)簽(qian)(qian)(qian)上標(biao)(biao)(biao)注(zhu)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)效(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)級(ji)別，有(you)利于(yu)通過市(shi)場調節，減(jian)少企業申請老產(chan)品(pin)(pin)登(deng)(deng)記。
2.7試驗管理，實行全過(guo)程良(liang)好(hao)試驗規范(GEP)
一是推行(xing)(xing)農(nong)藥登記藥效(xiao)試(shi)驗(yan)良(liang)好操(cao)作規(gui)范。強化(hua)藥效(xiao)試(shi)驗(yan)的全程質量控(kong)制(zhi)，要求藥效(xiao)試(shi)驗(yan)所(suo)(suo)有(you)(you)操(cao)作均(jun)(jun)有(you)(you)記錄、所(suo)(suo)有(you)(you)記錄均(jun)(jun)有(you)(you)存檔、所(suo)(suo)有(you)(you)存檔均(jun)(jun)可便捷查詢、所(suo)(suo)有(you)(you)數據(ju)均(jun)(jun)可溯源，全面(mian)提升藥效(xiao)試(shi)驗(yan)質量和水平(ping)。二是完善(shan)藥效(xiao)試(shi)驗(yan)網絡(luo)化(hua)管(guan)理(li)。運用信息(xi)化(hua)技術手段，實時掌握各項農(nong)藥登記藥效(xiao)試(shi)驗(yan)的安(an)排(pai)和進展，加大(da)對(dui)試(shi)驗(yan)現(xian)場的飛行(xing)(xing)檢查力度(du)，提高試(shi)驗(yan)管(guan)理(li)效(xiao)能(neng)。
